Through Abandoned: The Forest Free Download
Take a mile-long stroll along a gravelled trail through abandoned farm fields. This trail is barrier free, and trail maintenance WTA is performing will greatly improve it, making it more wheelchair friendly in the future. Continue reading
Through Abandoned: The Forest Free Download
Take a mile-long stroll along a gravelled trail through abandoned farm fields. This trail is barrier free, and trail maintenance WTA is performing will greatly improve it, making it more wheelchair friendly in the future. At the first fork, take the right-hand trail, which wends through fields set aside for eventual restoration. Just past the fields, head south along the trail to a mossy bench near the river. Luckily, a picnic table nearby is in better shape for a break if you need one. You'll find an old, moss-encrusted bench near the river and a picnic table that's in much better shape. As you hike along the floodplain, views of the mighty Columbia River and the Oregon side of the Gorge open up. Eventually loop back around and find yourself back at your car.
Soil is a key element in the Earth system, and changes in land management can affect soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics and the provision of ecosystem services related to soil. The content and stock of SOC has been adopted as the measure to be used for land degradation assessment. Nevertheless, SOC dynamics linked to land use and land cover changes after land abandonment is still a controversial issue. From the mid-20th century, Mediterranean mountains have undergone intense transformations due to climate change and severe socio-economic marginalisation, linked to depopulation and cropland and pasture abandonment. These processes led to a very different landscape, with a massive invasion of shrubs, secondary succession to forest and afforested areas. The objective of this study is to analyse the effects of post-land abandonment management practices on soil organic carbon dynamics (stocks and fractions). We selected three land abandonment scenarios in the Central Pyrenees: (i) natural revegetation with broadleaf vegetation; (ii) natural revegetation versus afforestation with coniferous forest; and (iii) abandonment of grasslands and woody encroachment. The total SOC stocks and fractions (through density fractionation) were analysed: Free light Fraction (FLF), Occluded Light Fraction (OLF), and Heavy Fraction (HF). Results showed that: (i) revegetation resulted in a constant and slow SOC accumulation processes; (ii) grassland enhanced accumulation of SOC, and the woody encroachment of these areas produced a significant loss of SOC during the first revegetation stages; (iii) density fractions were significantly affected by land use and land cover changes; (iv) the labile fractions (FLF and OLF) were significantly higher under coniferous forest than under grassland and shrubland; and (v) differences were also observed between coniferous and broadleaf forest, suggesting that broadleaf litter is incorporated faster in the mineral soil. The present study showed that land abandonment in Mediterranean mountains does not only affect SOC stocks, but also triggers the addition of labile carbon into the soil. It also changes the dynamics and sequestration of stable SOC, making this information essential in the design of future post-land abandonment strategies. 041b061a72